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随着深大交通、水利水电隧道(洞)的大量建设及地下矿产的不断延深开采,隧道突水灾害问题愈加严重。工程活动作为诱发突水的必要条件,其导致的围岩结构变化将对围岩力学、水力学性质及隧道附近渗流场产生重要影响。从工程扰动诱发的围岩损伤及其导致的渗透性演化入手,利用理论解析法研究了隧道围岩结构变化对涌水量及水压力分布的影响。结果表明:损伤区厚度对隧道涌水量和孔隙水压力分布具有较大影响,损伤区范围越大,发生突水的危险性越大;损伤区渗透系数对隧道涌水量的影响阈值约为2个数量级,之后其对涌水量的影响较弱;注浆圈厚度越大、渗透系数越低,隧道涌水量越小,但并不是注浆圈厚度越大、渗透性越低,涌水量的控制效果就越好,而是存在一个最优效果的设计值。
With the heavy traffic, large-scale construction of water conservancy and hydropower tunnels (tunnels) and the continuous deepening mining of underground minerals, the problem of water inrush hazards in tunnels is even more serious. As a necessary condition for water inrush induced by engineering activities, the change of surrounding rock structure caused by engineering activities will have an important influence on the mechanics and hydraulic properties of surrounding rock and the seepage field near the tunnel. Beginning with the damage of surrounding rock caused by engineering disturbance and the evolution of its permeability, the influence of the surrounding rock structure of tunnel on the water inflow and the distribution of water pressure was studied by theoretical analysis method. The results show that the thickness of the damaged area has a great influence on the water inflow and the distribution of pore water pressure. The greater the damage area, the greater the risk of water inrush. The threshold of infiltration coefficient in the damaged area is about 2 The magnitude of the grouting ring has a little effect on water influx. The larger the grouting ring thickness and the lower the permeability coefficient, the smaller the water inflow, but not the greater the grouting ring thickness, the lower the permeability, the control effect of water inflow The better, but there is an optimal design value.