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Objective:To evaluate the antibacterial activity of Emblica officinalis Gaertn(E.officinalis: Family:Euphorbiaceae) seed and Nymphae odorala Aiton(N.odorala:Family:Nymphaeaceae) stamen extracts,alone and in combination,and in combination with amoxicillin(Ax) against Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus).Methods:Antibacterial activity of ethanolic extracts of amla,E.officinalis,seed(AMS:500μg) and sapla,N.odorala,stamen(SAP:500 p g) for 12 methicillin-resistant S.aureus(MRSA) isolates was determined following agar diffusion:in order to assess the combined antibacterial activity,AMS(250μg) plus SAP(250μg) were considered.The Ax(10μg) activity alone and in combination with AMS(250μg),and SAP(250μg) was determined by disk diffusion.The zone diameters of inhibition(ZDIs) for the agents were recorded,and growth inhibitory indices(GIIs) were calculated.Results:The MRSA isolates (n=12) had AMS(500μg) and SAP(500μg) ZDIs of 12-19 mm and 21-24 mm,respectively.The ZDIs(range 24-27 mm) increased by 3-4 mm due to combined action of AMS(250μg) and SAP(250μg) indicating synergy between extracts for MRSA(GII 0.634-0.742).The MRSA isolates were resistant to Ax(ZDI:8-11 mm),which in combination with AMS and SAP had synergistic effect,both due to increased ZDI[mean±SD=(3.5±0.577) mm]and GII(0.631-0.894).Conclusions:The data suggest that the plants,E.officinalis and N.odorala alone or in combination,are promising in the development of phytomedicines,which may be used,alone or in combination with the antibiotic. Ax,against MRSA infection.
Objective: To evaluate the antibacterial activity of Emblica officinalis Gaertn (E. officinalis: Family: Euphorbiaceae) seed and Nymphae odorala Aiton (N. odorala: Family: Nymphaeaceae) stamen extracts, alone and in combination, and in combination with amoxicillin (Ax) Antibacterial activity of ethanolic extracts of amla, E. officinalis, seed (AMS: 500 μg) and sapla, N. odorala, stamen (SAP: 500 pg) for 12 methicillin-resistant S. Against the Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Methods: Antibacterial activity of ethanolic extracts of amla, AMS (250 μg) plus SAP (250 μg) were considered as. Ax (10 μg) activity alone and in combination with AMS (250 μg), and SAP (250 μg) was determined by disk diffusion. The zones diameters of inhibition (ZDIs) for the agents were recorded and growth inhibitory indices (GIIs) were calculated. Results: The MRSA isolates (n = 12) had AMS (500 μg) ZDIs of 12-19 mm and 21-24 mm, respectively. These ZDIs (range 24-27 mm) increased by 3-4 mm due to combined action of AMS (250μg) and SAP (250μg) indicating synergy between extracts for MRSA (GII 0.634-0.742). The MRSA isolates were resistant to Ax (ZDI: 8-11 mm), which in Both with due to increased ZDI [mean ± SD = (3.5 ± 0.577) mm] and GII (0.631-0.894). Conclusions: The data suggest that the plants, E. officinalis and N. odorala alone or in combination, are promising in the development of phytomedicines, which may be used, alone or in combination with the antibiotic. Ax, against MRSA infection.