Objective:To investigate the relationship between enterobiasis and enuresis before and after albendazole therapy among 632 children,aged,5-14 years,in Calabar,Nigeria.Methods:The scotch tape(cellotape) technique was used for the detection of eggs of Enterobius vermicularis (E.vermicularis) while questionnaire-based interviews were used for screening for anal itching and/or enuresis among study participants.All subjects found positive for Enterobius infection as confirmed by the presence of eggs and those with persistent anal itching(both enuretic and nonenuretic) were treated with 400 mg of albendazole given as a single dose.The treated subjects were re-assessed post-treatment to ascertain whether they were cured and also to determine their enuretic status(for the entireties).Results:The overall prevalences of Enterobius infection, anal itching,and enuresis prior to albendazole therapy were 6.8%,42.9%,and 35.6%respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of these parameters by the socio-economic class of subjects(P = 0.462,P - 0.647,and P = 0.610,respectively).The pretreatment prevalences of enuresis among Enterobius and anal itching-positive subjects were 53.5%and 49.8%,respectively versus 34.3%and 24.9%,respectively among their negative counterpart(P = 0.012 and P < 0.001,respectively).Four(20%) out of the 20 enuretic children found Enterobius egg-negative after albendazole therapy were equally cured while 8(40%) had reduction of their enuresis,thus giving a total resolution rate of 60%.Similarly,64.2%resolution (25%cure and 32.8%reduction) of enuresis was observed amongst 120 anal itching-cured/ enuretic children.Enuretic status of the Enterobius-lanal itching-uncured subjects,on the other hand,remained unchanged post-treatment.Conclusions:This study is suggestive of the involvement of E.vermicularis in the aetiology of enuresis in Calabar.Children presenting with, especially,uncomplicated enuresis should be screened for enterobiasis. Objective: To investigate the relationship between enterobiasis and enuresis before and after albendazole therapy among 632 children, aged, 5-14 years, in Calabar, Nigeria. Methods: The scotch tape (cellotape) technique was used for the detection of eggs of Enterobius vermicularis (E.vermicularis) while questionnaire-based interviews were used for screening for anal itching and / or enuresis among study participants. All subjects found positive for Enterobius infection as confirmed by the presence of eggs and those with persistent anal itching (both enuretic and nonenuretic ) were treated with 400 mg of albendazole given as a single dose. The treated subjects were re-assessed post-treatment to ascertain whether they were cured and also to determine their enuretic status (for the entireties). Results: The overall prevalences of Enterobius infection, anal itching, and enuresis prior to albendazole therapy were 6.8%, 42.9%, and 35.6% respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in the preva respectively. The pretreatment prevalences of enuresis among Enterobius and anal itching-positive subjects were 53.5% and 49.8%, respectively. The lence of these parameters by the socio-economic class of subjects (P = 0.462, P - 0.647, and P = 0.610, respectively) (20%) out of the 20 enuretic children found Enterobius egg-negative after albendazole therapy were cured while 8 (40% versus 24.9%, respectively among their negative counterparts (P = 0.012 and P <0.001, respectively) %) had reduction of their enuresis, thus giving a total resolution rate of 60%. Similarity, 64.2% resolution (25% cure and 32.8% reduction) of enuresis was observed amongst 120 anal itching-cured / enuretic children. Enteric status of the Enterobius-lanal itching-uncured subjects, on the other hand, remained unchanged post-treatment. Confclusions: This study is suggestive of the involvement of E. vermicularis in the aetiology of enuresis in Calabar. Child presenting with, especially, uncomplicated enuresis should be screened for enterobiasis.