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以高粱耐碱品种(四杂25号)和碱敏感品种(龙杂9号)为研究材料,采用人工气候箱内营养液培养,研究不同浓度混合碱(Na HCO3和Na2CO3摩尔比为9∶1)胁迫对高粱幼苗叶片和根系渗透调节物质和离子平衡的影响。结果表明:随着混合碱浓度和p H值的增加,脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖以及游离氨基酸等渗透调节物质含量在叶片和根系中均有显著增加;四杂25号叶片和根系中渗透调节物质含量的增幅大于龙杂9号,叶片中的渗透调节物质含量高于根系;随碱胁迫浓度的增加,两个高粱品种叶片和根系中Na+的浓度显著增加,而K+和Ca2+浓度显著减少,四杂25号K+和Ca2+浓度减小程度小于龙杂9号;叶片离子中以K+的含量最大,而根系中以Na+的含量最大,说明高粱幼苗叶片和根系所需平衡渗透势的阳离子种类和数量有所差异;根系受碱胁迫的破坏程度较叶大,其渗透调节和离子平衡能力弱于叶片,说明高粱根系对碱胁迫更加敏感。
The sorghum alkali tolerant variety (Si-Sai 25) and alkali-sensitive variety (Longza No.9) were used as materials to study the effects of different alkali concentrations (NaHCO3 and Na2CO3 molar ratio of 9:1 Effects of stress on osmotic adjustment substances and ion balance in leaves and roots of sorghum seedlings. The results showed that with the increase of mixed alkali concentration and p H value, the content of osmotic adjustment substances such as proline, soluble protein, soluble sugar and free amino acid increased significantly in leaves and roots; The content of osmotic adjustment substance was higher than that of Longza 9, and the content of osmotic adjustment substance in leaves was higher than that of root system. With the increase of alkali stress concentration, Na + concentration in leaves and roots of two sorghum varieties increased significantly, but K + and Ca2 + The decrease of K + and Ca2 + concentration in SiSa 25 was less than that of Longza 9; K + content was the highest in leaves and Na + was the highest in roots, indicating that the balance osmotic potential of sorghum seedling leaves and roots needed to be increased There was a difference in the type and amount of roots. The damage of root system to alkali stress was larger than that of leaf, and its osmotic adjustment and ion balance ability were weaker than that of leaf. This indicated that the root system of sorghum was more sensitive to alkali stress.