Molecular epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus

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目的了解北京地区1990-1991和1997-1998两个非连续的流行年中呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)A、B亚型 和基因型的流行情况。方法用间接免疫荧光法(IIF)检测呼吸道合胞病毒阳性鼻咽分泌物(NPS)标本或RSV分离株,划分A、B 亚型。根据N基因片段的限制性酶切图型将RSV分离株分成至少6个基因型NP1-6,其中NP1、3和6属 于B亚型,NP2、4和5属于A亚型。根据SH基因片段的核苷酸序列将A亚型分离株进一步划分为SH基 因型SHL1-6。SHL之间关系密切,并与NP有关。SHL1、3和4紧密相关,属于NP2;SHL2和6属于NP4; SHL5属于NP5。 结果1997冬季至1998年春季145份RSVNPS标本中,83份(57.2%)为B亚型,62份(42.8%)为A亚 型,A:B为1:1.3。1997-1998流行年所获的10株RSV分离株中,2株为A亚型,8株为B亚型,A:B为1: 4。1990-1991流行年所获的10株毒株中,8株为A亚型,2株为B亚型,A:B为4:1。1997-1998流行年 分离到的10株RSV分离株中,2株A亚型均属NP4,SHL2;8株B亚型均为NP3。1990-1991流行年分离 得到的10株毒株中8株A亚型均属NP4,SHL2;而2株B亚型均为NP3。根据NP推导出的A、B亚型划分 与单克隆抗体定义的亚型一致。 结论北京地区RSVA、B亚型或多个基因型可同时流行,但每个流行年的优势基因型可不同。相距5年 仍可分离到相同的毒株,表明尽管A亚型毒株之间变异明显,但是一些基因型仍然相当稳定。
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