目的:探讨食管癌患者血清微小RNA（miR）-195表达及临床意义。方法:回顾性分析2015年4月至2019年4月在北京怀柔医院105例食管癌患者的临床资料。采用实时定量荧光聚合酶链反应法检测血清miR-195相对表达量，并与同期90例健康体检者比较。绘制受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线，分析血清miR-195相对表达量诊断食管癌的效能；生存分析采用Kaplan-Meier法，比较采用log-rank检验；采用多因素Cox分析影响食管癌患者预后的独立危险因素。结果:食管癌患者血清miR-195相对表达量明显低于健康体检者（4.39 ± 1.86比7.17 ± 2.37），差异有统计学意义（n t = 9.155，n P4.39为高表达，50例；≤ 4.39为低表达，55例。血清miR-195相对表达量与肿瘤直径、TNM分期、浸润程度和淋巴结转移有关（n P0.05）。ROC曲线分析结果显示，血清miR-195相对表达量诊断食管癌的曲线下面积为0.819（95%n CI 0.758~0.879，n Z = 10.265，n P<0.05），约登指数0.539，截断值取6.03时灵敏度为82.86%，特异度为71.11%。血清miR-195低表达患者中位生存时间明显短于高表达患者（25.7个月比36.6个月），5年总生存率明显低于高表达患者（18.2%比38.0%），差异有统计学意义（n P<0.05）。多因素Cox分析结果显示，miR-195和肿瘤直径是影响食管癌患者预后的独立危险因素（n HR = 0.377和0.418，95% n CI 1.276~5.599和1.478~7.608，n P<0.01）。n 结论:食管癌患者血清miR-195相对表达量明显低于健康人群，且miR-195表达越低，患者预后越差，miR-195可以作为食管癌患者早期诊断和预后评估的指标之一。“,”Objective:To investigate the expression of serum microRNA (miR)-195 in patients with esophageal cancer and its clinical significance.Methods:The clinical data of 105 patients with esophageal cancer in Beijing Huairou Hospital from April 2015 to April 2019 were retrospective analyzed. Ninety healthy examinees during the same period were selected as the healthy control. The relative expression level of serum miR-195 was detected by real-time quantitative fluorescence polymerase chain reaction. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn, and the predictive value of serum miR-195 for esophageal cancer was analysis. Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis, and log-rank test was used for comparison. Multivariate Cox analysis was used to analyze the independent risk factors of esophageal cancer prognosis.Results:The relative expression level of serum miR-195 in patients with esophageal cancer was significantly lower than that in healthy control (4.39 ± 1.86 vs. 7.17 ± 2.37), and there was statistical difference (n t = 9.155, n P4.39 was regarded as high expression (50 cases), and ≤ 4.39 was as low expression (55 cases). The relative expression level of serum miR-195 was related to tumor diameter, TNM stage, degree of invasion and lymph node metastasis (n P0.05). ROC curve analysis result showed that area under curve of serum miR-195 relative expression level in predicting esophageal cancer was 0.819 (95%n CI 0.758 to 0.879, n Z = 10.265, n P<0.05), Yoden index was 0.539, and the optimal cut-off was 6.03, with a sensitivity of 82.86% and specificity of 71.11%. The median survival time in serum miR-195 low expression patients was significantly shorter than that in serum miR-195 high expression patients (25.7 months vs. 36.6 months), 5-year overall survival rate was significantly lower than that in serum miR-195 high expression patients (18.2% vs. 38.0%), and there were statistical differences (n P<0.05). Multivariate Cox analysis result showed that miR-195 and tumor diameter were independent risk factors for the prognosis of patients with esophageal cancer (n HR = 0.377 and 0.418, 95% n CI 1.276 to 5.599 and 1.478 to 7.608, n P<0.01).n Conclusions:The relative expression of serum miR-195 in patients with esophageal cancer is significantly lower than that in healthy people. The lower the expression of miR-195, the worse the prognosis. The miR-195 can be used as one of the indicators for early prediction and prognostic evaluation of esophageal cancer.