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目的 为了解舟山渔民膳食营养及肥胖状况以探讨营养相关性慢性病的防治措施。方法 于1983年、 1993年、 1998年分别对舟山渔民自然人群随机抽取约 10 0 0人作身高、体重测定 ,并在 1993年、1998年对其中约 10 0人作 2 4小时回顾法膳食调查。结果 5年来渔民蛋白质、脂肪摄入增多 ,糖类减少 ;10年来渔民动物性食物、植物油摄入增多 ,主食类摄入减少 ;近 2 0年渔民超重率从 6 5 %上升到 2 0 9%。结论 渔民膳食结构不合理及超重率增加是舟山地区严重的健康问题 ,加强干预已迫在眉睫。
Objective To understand the nutritional status of fishermen in Zhoushan and obesity in order to explore the prevention and treatment of nutrition-related chronic diseases. Methods In 1983, 1993 and 1998, about 1000 randomly selected fishermen from Zhoushan were randomly selected for height and weight determination. In 1993 and 1998, about 104 of them were subjected to a 24-hour retrospective dietary survey . Results In the past five years, fishermen increased their protein and fat intake and decreased their carbohydrates. In the past 10 years, the intake of animal food and vegetable oil increased, while the intake of staple food decreased. The overweight rate of fishermen in the past 20 years rose from 65% to 209% . Conclusion The unhealthy dietary structure of fishermen and the increase of overweight rate are serious health problems in Zhoushan. It is imminent to step up intervention.