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目的：对乳突根治术和开放式鼓室成形术（CWDT）对于慢性化脓性中耳炎（CSOM）的治疗效果和相关因素进行分析探讨。方法将该院于2012年1月—2014年4月收治的72例慢性化脓性中耳炎患者随机分为对照组和观察组，对照组36例患者行乳突根治术，观察组36例患者行CWDT术，对比两组患者的治疗效果和预后情况。结果观察组术后纯音测听值为（42.4±5.1）dBHL，对照组为（47.3±6.2）dBHL；观察组的听力保存及提高率为91.67%，对照组为69.44%；观察组并发症发生率为8.33%，对照组为22.22%，观察组术后纯音测听值显著低于对照组，听力改善结果显著高于对照组，并发症的发生率显著低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论对CSOM患者采用CWDT手术方法效果理想，听力改善较好，复发率低，在临床上值得推广应用。“,”Objective To analyze the effect and related factors of radical mastoidectomy and open mastoidectomy with tym-panoplasty in chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM). Methods Randomly divided 72 cases with CSOM in our hospitalinto con-trol group and experimental group. 36 cases in control group were treated by radical mastoidectomy, 36 cases in experimental group were treated by CWDT, compared the effect of the 2 groups. Results The value of pure tone audiometry of experimental group is (42.4 ±5.1)dBHL, that of control group is (47.3 ±6.2)dBHL; the audition preserving and increasing rate of experimental group is 91.67%, that of control group is 69.44%; the complication rate of experimental group is 8.33%, that of control group is 22.22%. The value of pure tone audiometry and complication rate of experimental group are much lower than that of control group, the audition preserving and increasing rate of experimental group is much higher than that of control group, P<0.05, the difference showes statistically significance. Conclusion adopting CWDT in CSOM has advantages like ideal effect, good hearing improvement, low recurrence rate, et al, and deserved clinical application.