西方国家工会的兴衰与工业化的发展紧密相连。20世纪80年代以后西方工会运动衰落的主要原因是欧美国家完成了从工业化社会向后工业化社会的转型。尽管在国家、产业层面上的工会依然组织健全,但其组织及活动能力均大为下降。工会成为貌似强大、但实际力量下降的“空壳工会”。 The rise and fall of trade unions in western countries are closely linked with the development of industrialization. The main reason for the decline of the western trade union movement after the 1980s is that the United States and Europe have completed the transition from an industrialized society to a post-industrialized society. Although trade unions at the national and industrial level are still well-organized, their ability to organize and operate has dropped significantly. Trade unions become seemingly powerful, but the actual strength of the “shell union.”