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目的探讨在前房型人工晶体植入高度近视有晶状体眼术患者中综合护理模式的操作方法及应用价值。方法选取89例需要实施有晶状体眼前房型人工晶体植入术治疗的高度近视患者开展临床试验,首先采用随机综合平衡法将其分为对照组(n=44例,52只患眼)与综合组(n=45例,54只患眼),分别给予围术期综合护理和常规护理干预。对比3个月后两组裸眼视力、护理前后患者心理状态变化及护理满意度。计量资料比较采用t检验,计数资料比较采用χ~2检验,等级资料比较采用非参数秩和检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果综合组手术3个月后裸眼视力为(4.7±0.2),对照组为(4.0±0.3),比较差异有统计学意义(t=21.471,P<0.05)。护理后两组两组患者焦虑和抑郁评分[(38.4±3.6)、(39.5±3.3)分,(31.4±3.2)、(31.6±3.4)分]比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。两组患者护理后焦虑和抑郁评分均较护理前显著降低,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。对照组护理总满意度为77.27%(34/44),显著低于综合组的97.78%(44/45),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在高度近视患者实施有晶状体眼前房型人工晶体植入围术期实施综合护理模式可以显著改善患者的术后裸眼视力,还可改善患者的心理状态,提高满意度。
Objective To explore the method and application value of comprehensive nursing model in patients with high myopia with phakic anterior lens implantation in anterior chamber type. Methods A total of 89 patients with high myopia who underwent phacoemulsification with phakic anterior lens implantation were selected and randomly divided into control group (n = 44, 52 eyes) and comprehensive group (n = 45, 54 eyes) were given perioperative comprehensive care and routine nursing intervention. After 3 months, the visual acuity of two groups of naked eyes and the changes of psychological status and nursing satisfaction of patients before and after nursing were compared. Measurement data were compared using t test, count data were compared using χ ~ 2 test, grade data using non-parametric rank sum test, P <0.05 for the difference was statistically significant. Results The uncorrected visual acuity (4.7 ± 0.2) and control group (4.0 ± 0.3) after 3 months of operation in the integrated group were statistically significant (t = 21.471, P <0.05). After treatment, the anxiety and depression scores of the two groups were significantly different ([(38.4 ± 3.6), (39.5 ± 3.3), (31.4 ± 3.2), (31.6 ± 3.4) 0.05). The scores of anxiety and depression after nursing in both groups were significantly lower than those before nursing (both P <0.05). The total satisfaction of nursing in control group was 77.27% (34/44), which was significantly lower than 97.78% (44/45) in the combined group. The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusions The implementation of comprehensive nursing model in perioperative patients with phakic anterior chamber intraocular lens implantation in highly myopic patients can significantly improve the postoperative uncorrected visual acuity and improve the psychological status of patients and improve their satisfaction.