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【目的】鉴定黄蜻幼虫肠道中具有除草活性的真菌,并分析其除草活性成分。【方法】通过形态学观察和分子生物学5.8S r DNA-ITS序列分析,明确菌株QTYC-51的分类地位。结合培养皿生物分析法测定菌株发酵液和单体化合物的除草活性,采用色谱方法从该菌乙酸乙酯粗提物中分离活性成分,并利用质谱和核磁共振谱鉴定活性物质。【结果】菌株QTYC-51被鉴定为拟盾壳霉属菌(Paraconiothyrium sp.),其发酵液对稗草和反枝苋幼根生长有较好的抑制作用,抑制率分别为76.9%和56.5%。从QTYC-51发酵产物中分离到5个单体化合物,分别为1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone,1-hydroxy-10-methoxy-dibenz[b,e]oxepin-6,11-dione,hydroxyvertixanthone,globosuxanthone和1,3,6,8-tetrahydroxyanthraquinone。在供试浓度为100μg/m L时,化合物globosuxanthone对稗草和反枝苋幼根生长有明显的抑制作用,抑制率分别为94.1%和79.0%,与阳性对照2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸效果相当;化合物1-hydroxy-10-methoxy-dibenz[b,e]oxepin-6,11-dione具有较好的除草活性,对稗草和反枝苋幼根的生长抑制率分别为50.3%和58.6%。【结论】菌株QTYC-51具有开发为微生物源除草剂的潜能。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to identify the fungi with herbicidal activity in the intestinal tract of the yellow-legged larvae and to analyze their herbicidal active ingredients. 【Method】 The taxonomic status of QTYC-51 strain was clarified by morphological observation and molecular biology 5.8S rDNA-ITS sequence analysis. The bioassay of Petri dishes was used to determine the herbicidal activity of the fermentation broth and monomeric compounds. The active components were separated from the crude ethyl acetate extract by chromatography. The active compounds were identified by mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. 【Result】 Strain QTYC-51 was identified as Paraconiothyrium sp., And its fermentation broth inhibited the growth of young roots of Echinochloa crusgalli and Amaranthus retroflexus with the inhibitory rates of 76.9% and 56.5%, respectively %. Five monomeric compounds were isolated from the fermentation product of QTYC-51, which were 1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone, 1-hydroxy-10-methoxy-dibenz [b, e] oxepin-6,11-dione, hydroxyvertixanthone, , 3,6,8-tetrahydroxyanthraquinone. At the concentration of 100μg / m L, the compound globosuxanthone significantly inhibited the root growth of barnyardgrass and Amaranthus retroflexus with the inhibition rates of 94.1% and 79.0%, respectively. Compared with the positive control, 2,4-dichlorophenoxy Acetic acid. The compound 1-hydroxy-10-methoxy-dibenz [b, e] oxepin-6,11-dione had better herbicidal activities and the inhibitory rates of growth on the roots of barnyard grass and Amaranthus retroflexus were 50.3% And 58.6%. 【Conclusion】 Strain QTYC-51 has the potential to be developed as a microbial source herbicide.