目的 :探讨食管静脉曲张结扎术 (EVL)后早期再出血的危险因素及防范对策 ,旨在的提高EVL的成功率及效果。方法 :对 10 5例食管静脉曲张患者 ,进行了择期内镜下结扎治疗 179次 ,对其术后近期再出血患者进行了危险因素分析。结果 :并发近期再出血 15例 (14.3% ) ,分别发生于术后第 4～ 10d ,尤以术后第 7d为最高(40 .0 % )。经及时抢救治疗 ,9例出血停止 ,5例死亡 ,1例自动出院。结论 :术后 1周前后是再出血高危时期 ,饮食不当是主要诱因 ,胃食管返流是其危险因素之一 ,任何增加腹压的动作均可造成术后再出血。另外 ,亦与全身状况密切相关。本文就此提出了相应的防范对策 Objective: To explore the risk factors of early rebleeding after esophageal variceal ligation (EVL) and the preventive measures to improve the success rate and effect of EVL. Methods: A total of 105 patients with esophageal varices underwent elective endoscopic ligation for 179 times. Risk factors for the recent rebleeding were analyzed. Results: Fifteen cases (14.3%) of recurrent hemorrhage occurred in the first 4 ~ 10 days postoperatively, especially the highest postoperative day (40.0%). After timely rescue treatment, bleeding stopped in 9 cases, 5 died and 1 patient was discharged automatically. CONCLUSION: One week after operation is the high risk of rebleeding. Improper diet is the main cause. Gastroesophageal reflux is one of the risk factors. Any action of increasing abdominal pressure can cause postoperative bleeding. In addition, also closely related to the general condition. This paper puts forward corresponding countermeasures