目的:探讨核磁共振成像(MRI)对双侧头颈部软组织病变的临床诊断价值。方法:选择在医院行手术治疗的36例双侧头颈部软组织病变患者,所有患者均由术后病理组织学检查确诊。术前对患者均行MRI扫描,并留存影像学资料。将患者的病理诊断结果与MRI诊断结果进行比对,分类统计两者诊断符合率,并观察漏诊、误诊情况。结果:本组患者病理诊断结果显示,良性病变共30例(占83.33%),恶性病变共6例(占16.67%)。MRI诊断无漏诊者,与病理诊断结果比较,总符合率为86.11%(31/36),误诊率为13.89%(5/36)。良性病变时MRI与病理诊断的符合率、误诊率和恶性病变时MRI与病理诊断符合率、误诊率比较,差异无统计学意义(x~2=0.123,P>0.05)。双侧颌下腺淋巴上皮瘤、双侧腮腺淋巴上皮瘤、颈部血管瘤、双侧腮腺嗜酸性淋巴肉芽肿MRI与病理诊断符合率均达到了100.00%,MRI颈部淋巴结反应性增生、颈部结核性淋巴腺炎和B细胞型颈部恶性淋巴瘤的检出率(66.67%、80.00%和83.33%)明显高于病理检查,差异具有统计学意义(x~2=0.053,P<0.05)。结论:MRI扫描及增强扫描对于双侧头颈部软组织病变临床诊断准确性较高,可为该病确诊与临床治疗提供确切的依据,应作为双侧头颈部软组织病变的首选影像学检查手段。 Objective: To investigate the value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of bilateral head and neck soft tissue lesions. Methods: Thirty-six patients with bilateral head and neck soft tissue lesions underwent surgery in the hospital. All patients were confirmed by histopathological examination. Patients underwent MRI before surgery, and retained imaging information. Pathological diagnosis of patients with MRI diagnosis results were compared, the classification statistics of the two coincidence, and missed diagnosis, misdiagnosis. Results: The pathological findings of this group of patients showed that benign lesions in 30 cases (83.33%), malignant lesions in 6 cases (16.67%). MRI diagnosis without missed diagnosis, compared with the pathological diagnosis, the total coincidence rate was 86.11% (31/36), misdiagnosis rate was 13.89% (5/36). The coincidence rate, misdiagnosis rate, and coincidence rate of misdiagnosis rate between MRI and pathological diagnosis of benign lesions were not statistically different (P> 0.05). The coincidence rates of bilateral submandibular gland lymphoepithelioma, bilateral parotid lymphoepithelioma, cervical hemangioma and bilateral parotid eosinophilic granuloma with MRI were 100.00%, MRI cervical lymph node hyperplasia, cervical tuberculosis The detection rates of lymphocytic and B cell lymphomas (66.67%, 80.00% and 83.33%) were significantly higher than those of pathological examination (x ~ 2 = 0.053, P <0.05). Conclusion: MRI scan and enhanced scan have a high accuracy in the clinical diagnosis of bilateral head and neck soft tissue lesions, which can provide the exact evidence for the diagnosis and clinical treatment of the disease, and should be used as the first imaging examination for bilateral head and neck soft tissue lesions .