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霍桑的《红字》自出版之日起就受到批评家的追捧,经久不衰,成为美国文学史上一道亮眼而独特的风景。纵观众多评论,除讨论罪与罚、红字A的象征含义、小说艺术特色以外,结尾处海斯特·白兰的回归亦是引起众多批评家思考的核心问题之一。从意识形态控制的角度分析白兰的回归可知,小说通过A字质询功能、建构绝对权威和操纵认同机制三个方面,逐步扼杀白兰对于“个人异化”的觉醒意识,使其成为传统清教思想控制之下的单维人,从而抹杀白兰争取个人独立和人性解放的可能性。
Hawthorne’s “Scarlet Letter” has been sought after by critics since its publication, enduring as a dazzling and unique landscape in the history of American literature. Looking at many comments, apart from discussing crimes and punishments, the symbolic meaning of the red letter A, and the artistic features of novels, the return of Hester Prynne at the end is also one of the core issues that have caused many critics to think. Analyzing the return of Prynne from the perspective of ideological control, we can see that Prynne’s consciousness of awakening to “personal alienation ” is gradually stifled by the A-word inquiry function, constructing absolute authority and manipulating the identification mechanism, making it a traditional Puritan Under the control of ideas, unidimensional people, thereby eliminating Prynne for personal independence and the possibility of human liberation.