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对比分析了陕西渭北旱塬苹果园免耕、翻耕和旋耕3种耕作措施结合玉米秸秆、地膜及生草覆盖对苹果园0～40cm土壤过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶及脲酶活性的影响,结果表明:各处理土壤3种酶活性均达到显著差异(P<0.05),采用土壤耕作和覆盖均能提高果园土壤酶活性;而耕作和覆盖相结合可更有效地提高果园土壤过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶及脲酶的活性,以翻耕+秸秆覆盖效果最好,3种酶活性分别较对照(翻耕无覆盖)高13.82%、27.41%和363.26%;不同土层土壤酶活性的大小也存在差异,其中蔗糖酶和脲酶活性随土层加深均有所降低,而过氧化氢酶活性则呈升高趋势。因而,在渭北旱塬苹果生产基地,采用翻耕+秸秆覆盖技术将对提高土壤酶活性及改善土壤微环境起重要作用。
The effects of no tillage, tillage and rotary tillage in apple orchard in Weibei dry-land of Shaanxi Province on catalase, invertase and urease activities in 0-40 cm soil of apple orchard (P <0.05). The results showed that the activities of three enzymes in soil were significantly different (P <0.05). Soil tillage and mulch could improve the activity of soil enzymes in the orchard, while the combination of tillage and mulching could increase the soil hydrogen peroxide Enzyme, invertase and urease activity were the best, with tillage + straw mulching effect being the best, and the three enzyme activities were 13.82%, 27.41% and 363.26% higher than that of the control (tillage uncovered) respectively. Soil enzyme activities in different soil layers There are also differences, of which sucrase and urease activity with the soil deepening are reduced, while the catalase activity showed an upward trend. Therefore, in the apple production base of Weibei arid highland, using tillage + straw mulching technology will play an important role in improving soil enzyme activity and improving soil microenvironment.