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目的:探讨MSCs经枕大池移植到创伤性脑损伤模型大鼠的蛛网膜下腔后迁移到损伤脑组织存活并分化为神经细胞的能力。方法:采用Feeney’s自由落体脑创伤模型,建立23个大鼠脑创伤模型。从SD大鼠的后肢骨髓分离培养得MSCs,将第三代的MSCs以BrdU在体外标记。随机取15个脑创伤大鼠模型接受MSCa枕大池注射(脑创伤细胞移植组);随机取6个脑创伤大鼠模型接受枕大池注射生理盐水(脑创伤生理盐水组);取6个正常大鼠接受枕大池注射MSCs(正常大鼠细胞移植组)。定期杀死大鼠制作脑组织石蜡切片,行BrdU、BrdU-GFAP、BrdU-MAP2的免疫组织细胞化学染色。另取两个脑创伤大鼠在创伤1周后脑石蜡切片行HE染色。结果:观察到脑创伤细胞移植组石蜡切片BrdU染色可见BrdU阳性细胞,细胞进入皮质下的最大距离为3 mm。双标记染色可见部分BrdU阳性细胞胞质呈现GFAP或MAP_2染色阳性。而另外两组均未见阳性细胞。结论:大鼠MSCs具有从蛛网膜下腔迁移入损伤脑组织存活一定时期并分化为神经细胞的能力。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the ability of MSCs to migrate into injured brain tissue and differentiate into nerve cells after transplanting into the subarachnoid space of traumatic brain injury rats via the occipital cistern. METHODS: Twenty-three rat models of traumatic brain injury were established using Feeney’s free-fall brain injury model. MSCs were isolated and cultured from the hind limb bone marrow of SD rats, and the third generation MSCs were labeled with BrdU in vitro. Fifteen brain trauma rat models were randomized to receive MSCa occipital cistern injection (traumatic brain cell transplantation group); six rat models of traumatic brain injury were randomly selected to receive saline injection (traumatic saline group); six normal Rats received a large cistern injection of MSCs (normal rat cell transplantation group). Rats were sacrificed regularly to make paraffin sections of brain tissue. Immunohistochemical staining of BrdU, BrdU-GFAP and BrdU-MAP2 was performed. In addition, two brain trauma rats were subjected to HE staining after 1 week of traumatic brain paraffin section. Results: BrdU positive cells were observed in BrdU staining of paraffin sections of brain trauma cell transplantation group. The maximum distance of cells entering the cortex was 3 mm. Double-labeled staining showed some of BrdU-positive cytoplasm showed positive GFAP or MAP_2 staining. No positive cells were found in the other two groups. CONCLUSION: Rat MSCs have the ability to migrate from the subarachnoid space into injured brain tissue for a certain period of time and differentiate into nerve cells.