中国文化以典籍经卷为载体东传日本,极大地影响了日本古代文学的发生和发展。本文通过比较《搜神记》与日本《古事记》及《日本书纪》中的神话传说,整理出四组类话,考察其文本在内容、结构以及习俗上众多的相似相通之处,揭示日本神话中的中国因素,论述中国古代小说和中国思想不仅在用词遣句上,而且在情节内容方面都直接或间接地影响了日本神话的形成。中国叙事结构的模式方法被日本所接纳,典故的内容不断地被日本化,成为日本古代文学创作时借鉴的母题和素材。这种改造外来故事的动作是隐晦的,以利于故事本身为日本统治阶级及民众所接受,创造了出新的故事范式。然而这些叙事一方面体现出日本的民族特色,另一方面又不可避免地存留了中国的印记。 Chinese culture is based on volumes of books and books as the carrier of East Japan, which greatly influenced the occurrence and development of Japanese ancient literature. By comparing the myths and legends in the “Soulstu” and the Japanese “Ji Ji Ji” and “The Book of Jinshi” in Japan, the article sorts out four groups of words and examines the similarities and differences between the contents, the structure and the customs of the texts, The Chinese factor in Japanese mythology and the discussion of ancient Chinese novels and Chinese thoughts have directly or indirectly influenced the formation of Japanese myths not only in terms of words but also in plot contents. The mode and method of Chinese narrative structure was accepted by Japan. The contents of the allusions were constantly being Japaneseized, becoming the motif and material borrowed from ancient Japanese literature. This action to transform alien stories is obscure, which is conducive to the story itself being accepted by the Japanese ruling classes and the general public, creating a new paradigm of stories. However, these narratives, on one hand, reflect the national characteristics of Japan and on the other hand, they inevitably retain the mark of China.