目的通过对德州市德城区妇幼保健院622例妇科门诊患者宫颈人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)基因检测,探讨感染人群中HPV分型、分布特点,了解德州市HPV感染的流行病学特征。方法选择德州市德城区妇幼保健院2014年2月-2015年4月期间行宫颈HPV分型检测的622例患者,对感染阳性患者的HPV亚型感染情况、年龄分布等进行统计分析。结果 622例受检者中HPV阳性144例,HPV阳性感染率23.15%;以高危亚型感染为主123例,占阳性感染病例的85.42%;高危型HPV感染亚型前5位依次为:HPV 16、58、52、31及18型,5型总和占高危HPV感染的62.92%;低危型HPV感染以11型及6型为主,两者总和占低危型HPV感染的95.00%。HPV总感染率及高危型HPV感染率均以≤20岁及21岁~年龄组较多,≥61岁年龄组明显减少,HPV总感染率≤20岁组、21岁~组、31岁~组、41岁~组与≥61岁组比较,差异有统计学意义(95%可信区间值分别为0.054 8~0.834 1,0.202 3~0.418 4,0.106 5~0.284 4,0061 5~0.285 0,P<0.05);高危型HPV阳性率21岁~组、31岁~组、41岁~组与≥61岁组比较,差异有统计学意义(95%可信区间值分别为0.158 5~0.363 7,0.087 9~0.257 5,0.049 9~0.265 0,P<0.05)。调整年龄分组,把全部受检者分为≤30岁、31岁~、≥61岁3个年龄组,则HPV总阳性率:≤30岁组与31岁~组、≥61岁组比较,差异均有统计学意义(95%可信区间值分别为0.045 9~0.227 0,0.244 4~0.398 2,P<0.05);低危型HPV阳性病例,≤30岁组及31岁~组分别与≥61岁组比较,差异有统计学意义(95%可信区间值为0.190 0~0.334 9,P<0.05);高危型HPV阳性病例,≤30岁组与31岁~组及≥61岁组比较(95%可信区间值分别为0.020 1~0.097 6,0.002 9~0.037 6,P<0.05),31岁~组与≥61岁组比较(95%可信区间值为0.040 2~0.274 0,P<0.05),差异均有统计学意义。结论德州市女性宫颈HPV感染率23.15%;高危型HPV感染亚型前5位依次为:HPV 16、58、52、31及18型,低危型HPV感染以11型、6型为主,感染年龄以≤30岁年龄组感染率最高,并随年龄增加感染率降低。 Objective To investigate the genotyping and distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) in 622 outpatients in gynecology outpatient department in Decheng Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Dezhou City, and to understand the epidemiological characteristics of HPV infection in Dezhou. Methods A total of 622 patients with cervix HPV type detection during the period from February 2014 to April 2015 in Decheng Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Dezhou City were collected for statistical analysis of HPV subtype infection and age distribution in patients with positive infection. Results Among the 622 subjects, 144 were HPV-positive and 23.15% were HPV-positive, 123 were high-risk subtypes, accounting for 85.42% of the positive cases, and the top 5 were high-risk HPV subtypes were HPV 16,58,52,31 and 18 type, the sum of type 5 accounted for 62.92% of the high-risk HPV infection. The low-risk type HPV infection was mainly type 11 and type 6. The sum of the two accounted for 95.00% of the low-risk type HPV infection. The total HPV infection rate and high-risk HPV infection rate were all less than 20 years old and 21 years old, and were significantly reduced in the group of ≥61 years old. The total HPV infection rate was ≤20 years old, 21 years old, 31 years old ~ , 41-year-old group and ≥61-year-old group, the difference was statistically significant (95% confidence interval were 0.054 8 ~ 0.834 1,0.202 3 ~ 0.418 4,0.106 5 ~ 0.284 4,0061 5 ~ 0.285 0, P <0.05). The positive rates of high-risk HPV in 21-year-old group, 31-year-old group, 41-year old group and ≥61-year old group were significantly different (95% confidence interval were 0.158 5-0.3683 , 0.087 9 ~ 0.257 5, 0.049 9 ~ 0.265 0, P <0.05). All the subjects were divided into three age groups of ≤30 years old, 31 years old, ≥61 years old, the total positive rate of HPV: ≤30 years old group and 31 years old group, ≥61 years old group, the difference (95% confidence interval, respectively, 0.0459 ~ 0.227 0,0.244 4 ~ 0.398 2, P <0.05); low-risk HPV-positive cases, ≤30 years old group and 31 years old group were associated with ≥ (95% CI 0.190 0 ~ 0.334 9, P <0.05). Compared with those of 31 years old group and ≥61 years old group of high-risk HPV positive cases, ≤30 years old group, the difference was statistically significant (95% confidence interval was 0.020 2 0.027 2 0 0.274 0, respectively) between 31 years old group and ≥61 years old group (0.020 1 ~ 0.097 6,0.002 9 ~ 0.037 6, P <0.05) P <0.05), the differences were statistically significant. Conclusions Female cervical HPV infection rate in Dezhou is 23.15%. The top five high-risk HPV subtypes are HPV 16, 58, 52, 31 and 18, while low-risk HPV infection is mainly type 11 and type 6. The highest infection rate was in the group of ≤30 years of age, and the infection rate decreased with age.