首次以粳稻第１２号三体为材料，采用玻璃针染色体微分离法，成功地分离到了水稻第１２号染色体。将分离到的染色体转入０．５ｍｌ装有蛋白酶Ｋ的Ｅｐｐｅｎｄｏｒｆ管中，经酶解及Ｓａｕ３Ａ酶切后在染色体ＤＮＡ片段两端加上Ｓａｕ３Ａ人工接头，经两次ＰＣＲ扩增，得到３００～１０００ｂｐ的染色体ＤＮＡ片段。Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交表明，这些染色体扩增片段与水稻基因组ＤＮＡ之间有同源性，从而证明成功地扩增了分离的特定目标染色体。本文结果为分离及体外扩增水稻特定目标染色体找到一条有效的途径 For the first time, the twelfth chromosome of japonica rice was successfully isolated from rice trisomy 12 by glass needle microdissection. The isolated chromosomes were transferred into 0.5 ml Eppendorf tubes containing proteinase K, and Sau3A artificial linker was added to both ends of the chromosomal DNA fragments after enzymatic digestion and Sau3A digestion. After two PCR amplifications, 300-1000 bp Chromosomal DNA fragments. Southern hybridization showed that there was homology between these amplified fragments and rice genomic DNA, demonstrating the successful amplification of isolated specific target chromosomes. The results of this article find an effective way to separate and in vitro amplification of specific target chromosomes in rice