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到2016年,《乌托邦》及其开创的乌托邦文学传统已有500周年。作为反乌托邦的经典著作之一,《美妙的新世界》对于乌托邦愿景在20世纪的翻转影响巨大。既往评论对该作品的开创意义探讨颇多,但却鲜有探讨其与英国文化批评传统的承继关系。19世纪以来,社会转型带来的文化焦虑和应对这种焦虑的文化努力便一直影响着英国的文化生产。将《美妙的新世界》置于这个框架内来看,该作品可被视为赫胥黎对英国文化批评传统的核心内涵“共同体形塑”和“愿景描述”的拓展,体现了20世纪初社会转型加速的新背景下,英国知识分子对其所秉承的文化价值观能否应对新挑战的反思和迷惘。
By 2016, “Utopia” and its pioneering utopian literary tradition have been the 500th anniversary. As one of the classic books of dystopia, The Wonderful New World has a tremendous impact on the turning of the utopian vision in the twentieth century. Previous reviews have discussed quite a lot about the pioneering significance of this work, but seldom discussed the successor relationship with the tradition of British cultural criticism. Since the 19th century, the cultural anxiety brought about by social transformation and the cultural efforts to deal with this anxiety have always had an impact on British cultural production. Putting “The Wonderful New World” within this framework, the work can be seen as an extension of Huxley’s core connotations of the British tradition of cultural criticism, the “Community Shape” and the “Vision Description” Under the new background of the accelerating social transformation in the early 20th century, the British intellectuals can reflect on and confuse the cultural values they uphold.