研制了采用准直激光束作为测量基准轴线、线阵CCD光电器件作为位置传感器、由单片机进行数据采集、处理与测量结果显示的直线度自动检查仪。介绍了系统结构原理以及空间直线度误差的最小二乘评定法数学模型。 A straightness automatic inspection instrument which uses the collimated laser beam as the measurement reference axis and the linear array CCD photoelectric device as the position sensor, and the data acquisition, processing and measurement results are displayed by the singlechip is developed. The principle of system structure and the mathematical model of the least squares method of spatial straightness error are introduced.