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一、中国外债风险管理存在的主要问题及其成因分析 (一)我国外债风险管理微观基础薄弱,外债企业风险管理滞后。由于我国对外筹借中长期外债一直实行窗口制,主要由财政部和金融机构对外筹措,然后转贷给企业。这种模式容易弱化企业对外债的责任约束,防范风险的意识相对淡化。据2004年初的权威调查显示,外债企业风险管理状况分为三类：没有进行风险管理的占55%；进行了风险管理, 但比例不大、方式单一的占27．5%；进行相对完善管理的占17．5%。
I. Main Problems and Causes of China’s Foreign Debt Risk Management (I) The micro-foundation of China’s foreign debt risk management is weak and the risk management of foreign debt enterprises lags behind. Since China’s foreign-funded medium and long-term foreign debts have been implemented through a window system, they are mainly financed externally by the Ministry of Finance and financial institutions and then lent to enterprises. This model is easy to weaken the corporate responsibility constraints on foreign debt, the risk of awareness is relatively diluted. According to the authoritative survey conducted in early 2004, the state of risk management of foreign debt enterprises is divided into three categories: 55% without risk management, 27.5% single risk management with risk management, and relatively sound management Accounted for 17.5%.