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以不同生态区具有代表性的6个大豆品种为材料,按照NCⅡ遗传交配设计(3×3),配置9个杂交组合。采用加性-显性与环境互作遗传模型及统计分析方法,分析不同生态环境下大豆农艺性状的遗传效应和杂种优势。结果表明:(1)F2代各农艺性状均以显性效应为主,环境对各性状后代选择和杂种优势利用有不同程度的影响;(2)各性状的普通广义遗传率均达到显著水平以上,单株粒重的普通广义遗传率最高,更适合在高世代选择,分枝数、单株荚数的互作广义遗传率达到极显著水平;(3)百粒重在各环境条件下杂种优势相对较稳定,在哈尔滨各性状表现明显的杂种优势,产量相关性状表现一定的杂种优势,形态性状群体超亲优势不明显。
Six representative soybean cultivars in different ecological zones were used as materials, and 9 hybrid combinations were arranged according to NCⅡ genetic mating design (3 × 3). The genetic effect and heterosis of agronomic traits in different ecological environments were analyzed using additive-dominance-environment interaction genetic model and statistical analysis. The results showed that: (1) The dominant agronomic traits in F2 generation were dominated by the dominant effect, and the environment had different effects on the selection of offspring and utilization of heterosis. (2) The generalized heritability of each trait reached above the significant level , The average generalized heritability of grain weight per plant was the highest, which was more suitable for the high-generation selection, branching number, pod number per plant generalized heritability reached a significant level; (3) 100-grain weight in each environment hybrids The relative advantage was relatively stable. All the traits in Harbin showed obvious heterosis. The yield-related traits showed some heterosis. The morphological trait of super-parents was not obvious.