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锚杆预紧力不足是制约煤矿巷道锚杆支护效果和顶板安全的重要问题.基于滚动摩擦原理,提出了一种新的锚杆预紧装置,介绍了其结构和相应的使用方法.建立了锚杆螺母与垫板相互作用的力学模型,得到了锚杆螺母在拧紧过程中的摩擦力矩计算表达式,得到了采用“减摩器”条件下螺母与垫板之间摩擦力矩计算表达式.应用锚杆拧紧扭矩与锚杆预紧力的关系分析了该锚杆预紧装置对提高锚杆预紧力的效果.制作了锚杆预紧装置,并在锚杆实验平台上进行了预紧实验,结果表明该装置可以提高锚杆预紧力,且随着锚杆预紧扭矩的增加预紧力提升幅度相应增加.在现场进行了试用,取得了较好的应用效果.
The pre-tightening force of anchor is an important problem which restricts the bolting support effect and roof safety in coal mine roadway.Based on the principle of rolling friction, a new bolt pre-tensioning device is proposed and its structure and corresponding usage are introduced. The mechanical model of the interaction between the anchor nut and the backing plate was obtained, and the calculation formula of the friction torque of the anchor nut during the tightening process was obtained. The friction moment between the nut and the backing plate under " Expression.Applying the relationship between the tightening torque of the bolt and the bolt preload, the effect of the bolt pretensioner on the preload of the bolt is analyzed.The bolt pretensioner is fabricated and carried out on the bolt test platform The results of prestressing test show that the device can increase the bolt preload, and the increase of preload with the increase of preload torque of anchor increases correspondingly.On the site, a trial is made and a good application result is obtained.