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目的 了解临沂市脊髓灰质炎 (脊灰 )的流行状况及控制效果。方法 按照《全国 1 996— 2 0 0 0年消灭脊髓灰质炎行动计划》等文件要求进行。结果 1 956— 1 991年全市脊灰共发病 4 81 7例 ,年均发病率为 1 .47/ 1 0万 ;1 991年以来脊灰疫苗常规免疫、强化免疫接种率达 95 %以上 ;1 5岁以下儿童急性迟缓性麻痹 (AFP)监测报告年均发病率在 1 / 1 0万以上 ,报告、调查、采便送检、随访及时率达80 %以上 ;免疫成功率 :调查 435名初免儿童 ,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型脊灰中和抗体阳转率为 88.0 5 %～ 94.94%。免疫水平 :调查 50 3名健康人群 ,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型脊灰抗体阳转率分别为 91 .65 %、90 .0 6 %、88.0 7% ;抗体几何平均滴度 (GMT)分别为 1 4 6 .70、96 .47、88.1 4 ;采集AFP患者、密切接触者、健康人群粪便标本 1 653份 ,经病原学检测未检出脊灰野病毒株。结论 由于各项措施的落实 ,脊灰发病率大幅度下降 ,全市已连续 1 3年无脊灰野毒株引起的病例发生。
Objective To understand the prevalence and control effects of poliomyelitis (polio) in Linyi City. The method was in accordance with the requirements of the “Action Plan for Polio Eradication in 1996- 2000” and other documents. Results A total of 4 81.7 polio cases were found in the city from 1961 to 1991, with an average annual incidence of 1.47 / 100 000. Polio vaccines were routinely immunized from 1991 to 1991 and the rate of intensive immunization was more than 95%. 1 The average annual incidence rate of AFP reporting in children under 5 years of age was above 1 in 10 million. The reporting, investigation, sampling and post-mortem examination were carried out at over 80% of follow-up rates. The success rate of immunization was 435 No children, Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ polio neutralization antibody positive conversion rate of 88.0 5% to 94.94%. Immunization level: The positive rates of serotypes Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ were 91.65%, 90.06% and 88.0 7%, respectively. The geometric mean antibody titers (GMTs) were 1 4 6 .70,96 .47,88.1 4; AFP patients, close contacts, healthy population stool samples 1 653 copies of the etiological detection of wild poliovirus strains. Conclusion Due to the implementation of various measures, the incidence of polio has dropped significantly, and the cases of non-poliovirus strains have been reported in the whole country for 13 successive years.