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在黄淮砂姜黑土区冬小麦-夏玉米复种两熟种植体系中,研究了小麦季3种耕作方式(常规翻耕、旋耕和深松)结合夏玉米播前3个施氮量(120、225和330 kg·hm~(-2))对玉米季主要生育时期根际土壤氮素转化微生物怍用强度及酶活性、无机氮含量和产量的影响.结果表明:旋耕方式下氨化作用强度最高,且随着施氮量的增加,土壤氮素转化微生物作用强度及酶活性增强.深松方式下根际土壤硝化、反硝化作用强度与脲酶活性明显高于常规与旋耕方式.增施氮肥可加强深松方式对土壤氮素转化的促进作用,而过量施氮虽然提高了土壤无机氮含量及玉米产量,但会对土壤氮素转化微生物作用强度及酶活性产生抑制.深松方式结合225 kg·hm~(-2)施氮量更有利于砂姜黑土区夏玉米土壤氮素转化,而深松方式结合330kg·hm~(-2)施氮处理下产量最高.
In the double cropping system of winter wheat and summer maize in the area of Huangjiang and Huaihejiang ginger soil, the effects of three tillage practices (conventional tillage, rotary tillage and deep subsoil) combined with three nitrogen application rates (120, 225 and 330 kg · hm -2 on the nitrogen use efficiency, enzyme activity, inorganic nitrogen content and yield of rhizosphere soil during the main growth stages of maize. The results showed that: With the increase of N application rate, the action intensity and enzyme activity of soil N transformation microorganism increased.The soil nitrification and denitrification intensity and urease activity of rhizosphere soil in subsoiling were significantly higher than that of conventional and rotary tillage methods. Nitrogen fertilizer could enhance the subsoiling effect on soil nitrogen transformation, while excessive nitrogen application increased soil inorganic nitrogen content and corn yield, but inhibited the action intensity and enzyme activity of soil nitrogen transformation microbes. In combination with nitrogen application of 225 kg · hm -2, soil nitrogen conversion in summer maize was more favorable than that in 330 kg · hm -2 nitrogen application.