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目的研究甲醛和甲苯单独与联合吸入染毒致雄性昆明种小鼠的生殖毒性与遗传损伤作用,探讨其联合毒性效应。方法将108只雄性健康清洁级昆明种纯系小鼠随机分为9组,每组12只。分别为清洁空气对照组(0mg/m~3),低甲苯(500 mg/m~3)、高甲苯(2 000 mg/m~3)剂量组,低甲醛(1 mg/m~3)、低甲醛甲苯(1 mg/m~3+500 mg/m~3)、低甲醛高甲苯(1 mg/m~3+2 000 mg/m~3)剂量组,高甲醛(5 mg/m~3)、高甲醛低甲苯(5 mg/m~3+500 mg/m~3)、高甲醛甲苯(5 mg/m~3+2 000 mg/m~3)剂量组。采用静式吸入染毒,每天2 h,连续14 d。染毒结束次日每组取小鼠6只,进行骨髓细胞微核试验;于首次染毒后35 d,每组取小鼠6只,进行精子畸形试验。结果甲醛、甲苯单独及联合吸入染毒组雄性昆明种小鼠精子畸形率、骨髓细胞微核率均高于对照组。交互作用析因显示,甲醛吸入染毒可使雄性昆明种小鼠精子畸形率明显增高(F=139.66,P<0.05),甲苯染毒也可使雄性小鼠精子畸形率明显增高(F=217.11,P<0.05);甲醛染毒可使雄性小鼠骨髓细胞微核率明显增高(F=24.18,P<0.05),甲苯染毒也可使雄性小鼠骨髓细胞微核率明显增高(F=76.38,P<0.05);二者联合染毒所致的雄性小鼠精子畸形交互作用显著(F=6.14,P<0.05),但所致的雄性小鼠骨髓细胞微核交互作用尚不明显(F=0.53,P>0.05)。结论甲醛和甲苯单独与联合吸入染毒均可致小鼠精子畸形率、骨髓细胞微核率增加,联合染毒具有一定的生殖与遗传毒性协同作用。
Objective To study the reproductive toxicity and genetic damage of male Kunming mice induced by formaldehyde and toluene inhalation alone and in combination with inhalation to explore the combined toxicity effect. Methods A total of 108 male Kunming healthy pure Kunming mice were randomly divided into 9 groups with 12 mice in each group. (0 mg / m ~ 3), low toluene (500 mg / m ~ 3), high toluene (2 000 mg / m ~ Low formaldehyde formaldehyde (1 mg / m ~ 3 + 500 mg / m ~ 3) and low formaldehyde high toluene (1 mg / m ~ 3), high formaldehyde low toluene (5 mg / m ~ 3 + 500 mg / m ~ 3) and high formaldehyde toluene (5 mg / m ~ 3 +2 000 mg / m ~ 3) Acute inhalation exposure, 2 h daily for 14 days. Six mice in each group were taken on the next day after the exposure, and the myeloid cell micronucleus test was performed. At 35 days after the first exposure, 6 mice in each group were used for sperm abnormality test. Results The sperm deformity rate and the micronuclei rate of bone marrow cells in male Kunming mice exposed to formaldehyde and toluene alone and in combination were higher than those of the control group. The factorial analysis of interaction showed that formaldehyde inhalation exposure could significantly increase the sperm deformity in male Kunming mice (F = 139.66, P <0.05), and toluene exposure could significantly increase the sperm deformity in male mice (F = 217.11 , F (P <0.05, P <0.05). Formaldehyde exposure could significantly increase the frequency of micronuclei in bone marrow cells of male mice (F = 24.18, P <0.05) 76.38, P <0.05). The sperm deformity interaction of the male mice induced by the combination of two drugs was significant (F = 6.14, P <0.05), but the micronuclear interaction of the bone marrow cells was not obvious F = 0.53, P> 0.05). Conclusion Formaldehyde and toluene alone or in combination with inhalation can cause abnormalities of sperm in mice and increase of micronuclei in bone marrow cells. Combined treatment of genital and genotoxic effects of synergistic effects of genotoxicity and genotoxicity.