1 防波堤的优化设计 防波堤是港口的重要组成部分,多年建造中形成了多种结构型式。过去设计地点多在近海浅水区,凭经验和当地习惯即可决定。直墙堤是常用型式之一。近　多年来随着深海工程发展,港口设施不断向深水延伸,工程量和造价随之增加,并且不断出现毁坏失事事故,引起各国 1 Breakwater optimization design Breakwater is an important part of the port, many years of construction has formed a variety of structural types. In the past, the design sites were mostly in shallow water areas off the coast, which can be decided by experience and local custom. Straight wall is one of the commonly used type. In recent years, with the development of deep-sea engineering, the port facilities continue to extend to the deep water, with the consequent increase in the construction and construction costs, as well as the continual destruction of crashes that have caused all countries