国家自然科学基金重点项目(以下简称重点项目)主要支持已有较好基础的研究方向或学科生长点开展深入、系统的创新性研究。国家杰出青年科学基金项目(以下简称杰青)支持在基础研究方面已取得突出成绩的青年学者自主选择研究方向开展创新研究,培养造就一批进人世界科技前沿的优秀学术带头人。重大国际(地区)合作研究项目(以下简称重大国合)旨在鼓励广大科学家与世界一流科学 The National Natural Science Foundation of China (hereinafter referred to as the “Key Project”) mainly supports in-depth and systematic innovative research on well-established research areas or disciplines. National Outstanding Youth Science Foundation Project (hereinafter referred to as Jie Qing) supports young scholars who have made outstanding achievements in basic research independently choose their research direction to carry out innovative research and cultivate a group of outstanding academic leaders who enter the world's scientific and technological frontier. The major international (regional) cooperative research project (hereinafter referred to as the major national cooperation) aims to encourage scientists and world-class science