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目的探讨特殊形态气道支架的个体化设计及治疗气道狭窄和瘘的可行性及临床疗效。方法 20例气道狭窄或气道瘘患者,其中男性13例,女性7例;年龄37~78岁,平均年龄65.3岁。根据患者不同病变特点和影像学测量,设计个体化特殊形态气道支架。在X射线监视下,置入特殊形态气道支架20枚(L型8枚,倒Y型12枚)。结果 1例倒Y型支架在拉线释放右侧支气管分支部时遇到阻力,用力不均使该支架分支稍有变形移位,造成瘘口封堵不完全;另19例支架置入顺利,定位准确,术后呼吸困难即刻缓解,瘘口封堵满意,无严重并发症发生。结论特殊形态气道支架可有效缓解气道狭窄和瘘引起的呼吸困难、呛咳和呼吸道感染症状,操作方法简便易行,近期疗效可靠。
Objective To investigate the individual design of special airway stents and the feasibility and clinical efficacy of the treatment of airway stenosis and fistula. Methods Twenty patients with airway stenosis or airway fistula, including 13 males and 7 females, aged from 37 to 78 years with a mean age of 65.3 years. According to patients with different lesion characteristics and imaging measurements, the design of individual special airway stents. Under X-ray monitoring, 20 special airway stents (8 L type and 12 inverted Y type) were placed. Results One case of inverted Y-stent encountered resistance when releasing the right branch of bronchus by the pull wire, and the uneven displacement of the stent branch caused by uneven force resulted in incomplete occlusion of the fistula. The other 19 cases were placed in a smooth, Accurate, immediate relief of postoperative dyspnea, fistula closure satisfactory, no serious complications. Conclusions The special form of airway stents can effectively relieve airway stenosis and fistula-induced dyspnea, cough and respiratory symptoms, the operation method is simple and easy, and the curative effect is reliable recently.