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胰腺癌预后差,病死率高,主要是由于其局部浸润和远端转移导致手术的治愈率较低。通过监测和筛查发现早期癌症对提高胰腺癌患者的生存率非常重要。然而,只有在高危人群中进行筛查才符合成本效益。因此,确定胰腺癌的危险因素尤其重要。胰腺癌的危险因素包括自身因素和环境因素两个方面,自身因素包括年龄、人种、血型、肿瘤家族史和慢性胰腺炎等;环境因素包括吸烟、肥胖、饮食及毒物暴露等。在人群中提供有效的预防策略和在高危人群中开展高效的筛查对胰腺癌的早期发现和预防具有重要意义。
Poor prognosis of pancreatic cancer, high mortality, mainly due to its local invasion and distal metastasis led to a lower cure rate. Early detection of cancer through surveillance and screening is important for improving survival in patients with pancreatic cancer. However, screening only in high-risk populations is cost-effective. Therefore, the identification of risk factors for pancreatic cancer is particularly important. The risk factors of pancreatic cancer include two aspects of self and environmental factors, including self-age, race, blood type, family history of cancer and chronic pancreatitis. Environmental factors include smoking, obesity, diet and toxicant exposure. It is of great importance to provide effective prevention strategies in the population and to carry out efficient screening in high-risk groups for the early detection and prevention of pancreatic cancer.