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目的掌握丹阳市水痘发病水平和流行特征,为制定防制规划及评价实施效果提供准确依据。方法利用描述流行病学方法分析该市水痘疫情资料。结果 2011-2012年丹阳市水痘年均发病率为72.14/10万;城区发病率为130.83/10万,农村发病率为47.67/10万,城区发病率显著高于农村(χ2=385.90,P<0.01);男女性别比为1.22:1,男多于女;4-6月、1月及11-12月报告发病数分别占全年报告发病数的27.27%和41.39%;学生和幼托儿童发病分别占51.50%和22.06%,职业高峰明显;1~15岁年龄组占76.15%。结论建议将水痘疫苗纳入国家免疫规划管理疫苗范畴,降低适龄儿童的水痘发病率;应加强疫情网络预警监测分析工作,减少水痘暴发疫情的发生。
Objective To grasp the incidence and epidemic characteristics of chickenpox in Danyang City and provide an accurate basis for formulating prevention and control plan and evaluating the implementation effect. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemic situation of chickenpox in this city. Results The annual incidence of chickenpox in Danyang from 2011 to 2012 was 72.14 / 100,000. The incidence in urban area was 130.83 / 100000. The incidence in rural areas was 47.67 / 100000. The incidence of urban areas was significantly higher than that in rural areas (χ2 = 385.90, P < 0.01). The male-to-female sex ratio was 1.22: 1, more men than women. The incidence rates in April-June, January and November-December accounted for 27.27% and 41.39% respectively of the total number of reported cases in the year. Students and kindergarten children The incidence accounted for 51.50% and 22.06%, respectively. The peak of occupation was obvious; the age group of 1-15 years old accounted for 76.15%. Conclusions It is suggested that the chickenpox vaccine should be included in the national immunization program management vaccine to reduce the incidence of chickenpox in school-age children. Early warning surveillance and analysis should be strengthened to reduce the occurrence of chickenpox outbreak.