宫腔粘连(IUA)是目前我国育龄期妇女继发不孕的常见原因之一。研究发现,各种对子宫内膜造成损伤的机械性因素尤其是刮宫手术是IUA形成的重要危险因素,而各种感染性、先天性因素以及子宫动脉栓塞术亦促进了IUA的形成。此外,分子生物学亦对阐明IUA的发生机制起着一定作用。现就IUA形成的临床及分子生物学相关危险因素进行综述。 Intrauterine adhesions (IUA) is one of the common causes of secondary infertility in Chinese women of childbearing age. The study found that a variety of mechanical factors that damage the endometrium, especially curettage is an important risk factor for IUA formation, and a variety of infectious, congenital factors and uterine artery embolization also contributed to the formation of IUA. In addition, molecular biology also plays a role in elucidating the mechanism of IUA. The clinical and molecular biology-related risk factors for IUA formation are reviewed.