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目的探讨接受高效抗反转录病毒治疗(HAART)的艾滋病病人的生命质量及其影响因素。方法采取典型抽样的方法,使用中文版SF-36量表和自编基本情况调查表,对研究对象进行横断面调查,应用Epi Data3.1建立数据库,SPSS 12.0进行统计分析。结果选择1个省级、2个州级、5个县级抗病毒治疗医院作为研究现场,选择在2009年4月以前在8个研究现场入组并接受抗病毒治疗的艾滋病病人作为研究对象。①1 194名调查对象,SF-36量表8个领域百分转换得分中,躯体功能(PF)得分最高(86.00±18.48),总健康(GH)得分最低(44.37±21.59),领域间得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。②女性病人的GH、肌体疼痛(BP)维度得分高于男性病人(P<0.05);不同年龄的病人在PF、GH 2个领域的得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),年龄小的病人PF、GH得分高于年龄大的病人;不同文化程度的病人的PF、生命力(VT)、情感角色(RE)、心理健康(MH)、BP得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),文化程度低的病人以上领域得分低于文化程度高的病人;不同婚姻状况的病人生命质量8个领域得分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),已婚病人生命质量好于未婚和离异/独居/分居病人;农村户籍的调查对象的PF、GH、社会功能(SF)3个维度得分明显高于城镇户籍的调查对象(P<0.05);不同职业的病人生命质量8个领域得分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),公职人员、个体从业人员的生命质量好于无业人员和农民。结论性别、年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、户籍、职业是影响高效抗反转录病毒治疗艾滋病病人生命质量的因素。
Objective To investigate the quality of life and its influencing factors in patients with AIDS who received highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Methods A typical sampling method was used. The Chinese version of SF-36 scale and self-made questionnaire were used to conduct cross-sectional survey of the study subjects. Epi Data 3.1 was used to establish the database and SPSS 12.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results One provincial, two state and five county-level antivirus hospitals were selected as the research site, and AIDS patients enrolled in eight research sites and receiving antiviral therapy before April 2009 were selected as the research object. ① Among the 194 subjects and the SF-36 scale, the score of body function (PF) was the highest (86.00 ± 18.48) and the lowest was 44.37 ± 21.59 There was statistical significance (P <0.01). (2) The scores of GH and body pain (BP) in female patients were higher than those in male patients (P <0.05). The scores of PF and GH in two age groups were significantly different (P <0.05) The scores of PF and GH in patients were higher than those in older patients. The scores of PF, vitality (VT), emotional role (RE), mental health (MH) and BP of patients with different educational level were significantly different (P <0.05) The patients with low education level scored lower than those with high education level. The scores of quality of life in patients with different marital status were significantly different in 8 fields (P <0.05). The quality of life of married patients was better than that of unmarried and divorced / (P <0.05). The scores of PF, GH, social function (SF) in rural household registration were significantly higher than those of urban household registration (P <0.05) There was statistical significance (P <0.05). The quality of life of public employees and individual employees was better than that of unemployed persons and peasants. Conclusions Gender, age, educational level, marital status, household registration and occupation are the factors influencing the quality of life of highly active antiretroviral (HIV) patients.