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目的 探讨同期单通道经皮肾镜(PCNL)联合纤维胆道镜治疗复杂肾结石的可行性及临床疗效.方法 同期单通道经皮肾镜碎石后联合纤维胆道镜碎取石治疗的复杂肾结石患者29例,观察手术时间、胆道镜处理的结石数、结石清除率、术后并发症等.结果 全组患者PCNL手术顺利,纤维胆道镜能够清晰观察肾盂肾盏,其中25例找到并处理大小不等的残石1 ～7枚,平均(2.4±1.6)枚,4例未探查到残石,全组无严重术后并发症.结论 同期单通道经皮肾镜联合纤维胆道镜治疗复杂肾结石可以提高结石的清除率,降低再手术率,安全有效.“,”Objective To study the feasibility and efficacy of simultaneous single-channel percutaneous nephrolithotomy combined with choledochoscopy on the treatment of complex renal calculi. Methods The operation time, the number of stones treated with choledochoscopy, the stone clearance rate and the complication were analyzed retrospectively. Totally 29 cases of complicated renal calculi treated with single-channel percutaneous nephrolithotomy combined with cholecystectomy were enrolled in this study. Results All 29 patients were conducted smooth PCNL operation, and the renal pelvis could be clearly observed with fibrous cholecystectomy. Among which, 25 cases were found with stones and treated with the intraoperative fiber choledochoscopy. No serious postoperative complications happened. Conclusion Simultaneous single-channel percutaneous nephrolithotomy combined with choledochoscopy increased the stone clearance rate and decreased the reoperation rate in the treatment of complex renal calculi. It is safe, effective and worthy of using widely.