匈奴是最初在蒙古高原活动的游牧民族之一,我国从有记载的编年史开始就一直有他们的踪迹——殷周时称鬼方,后又称混夷、獯鬻、猃狁;春秋时称戎、狄;战国后特别是秦汉以后称匈奴或胡。匈奴人“随畜牧而转移”、“逐水草而迁徙”,平时以畜牧和狩猎为生, 遇有战事,跨马出征。他们甲胄轻便, 身体健壮,勇猛异常,往来迅速,出没无常,用复合骨片制成短而有力、便于骑兵使用的弓,以善射闻名;近战中用马刀和长矛。从春秋时期开始,匈奴人不断南下袭扰,西汉武帝时期遭到打击,元气大伤,于西汉晚期发生分裂, 呼韩邪单干率部归顺汉朝,逃到中亚的郅支单于被汉朝消灭,汉匈关系从此走向和解。 The Hsiungnu, one of the nomads originally operating on the Mongolian plateau, has always had their own traces since the Chronicle of Chronicles - Yin Chou called Ghost Square, later mixed alley, 獯 鬻, 猃 狁; Weigh Rong, Di; after the Warring States, especially after the Qin and Han dynasties or Hu said. Huns “with livestock and transfer”, “water and grass migration”, usually to livestock and hunting for a living, in case of war, cross the horse expedition. They armor light, sturdy, brave anomalies, rapid contacts, infested, made of composite bone chips short and powerful, easy to use cavalry bow, known for good shot; melee with spears and spears. Since the Spring and Autumn Period, the Huns continued to attack southward. During the Western Han Dynasty, the Wudi period was hit and suffered great devastation. In the late Western Han Dynasty, the division took place. The Hailun single-handed unit returned to the Han Dynasty and fled to Central Asia. Elimination, Han Hung relations from then towards reconciliation.