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针对平板对接焊焊接时的热应力特征,通过对焊接过程中加热与冷却温度场的正确描述,并采用合理的热源模式,应用有限元软件ANSYS对其温度场和应力场进行了耦合模拟分析。分析中考虑了钢材热物理参数和力学参数随温度变化的非线性,得到了焊后残余应力的大小与分布规律。设计了等厚和不等厚两组焊接试件,采用盲孔法对其残余应力进行了实测,实测结果与数值模拟结果吻合良好,证明了有限元数值模拟方法的正确。
Aiming at the characteristics of thermal stress during flat butt welding, the temperature field and stress field were simulated by finite element software ANSYS through the proper description of heating and cooling temperature field in welding process and reasonable heat source mode. In the analysis, the non-linearity of the thermophysical parameters and mechanical parameters of the steel with temperature is taken into account, and the size and distribution of residual stress after welding are obtained. Two sets of welding specimens with equal thickness and unequal thickness were designed. The residual stress was measured by blind hole method. The measured results agree well with the numerical simulation results, which proves the correctness of the numerical simulation method.