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为推动基础研究的发展,半个世纪以来,发达国家首先采用以“政府拨款、宏观引导、自由申请、民主评审”的科学基金制度进行基础研究运作管理,由于它的“公平竞争、激励创新和科学民主”机制,受到科学界的普遍赞赏。我国从1982年开始首先在科学院设立了科学基金,1986年正式成立了国家自然科学基金委员会,各地方政府相继设立了地方科学基金,从而有效地推动了我国基础研究的全面发展。
In order to promote the development of basic research, in the past half a century, the developed countries first adopted the basic research operation and management under the scientific fund system of “government appropriation, macro-guidance, free application and democratic appraisal. Because of its” fair competition, stimulating innovation and Scientific and democratic "mechanism, universally appreciated by the scientific community. Since 1982, China first established a science fund in the Academy of Sciences. In 1986, the National Natural Science Foundation of China was formally established, and local governments successively set up local science funds, thus effectively promoting the all-round development of China's basic research.