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根据传热学原理,从钢锭在第三类边界边界条件下的温度计算模型出发,结合钢锭的弹性模量、泊松比和线膨胀系数建立了钢锭加热过程的热应力变化模型,模型计算表明:在钢锭的表面与中心温差达到最大时,轴向应力峰值在钢锭表面达到最大正值,在钢锭中心达到最大负值,随后逐渐减小;切向应力和径向应力在钢锭的表面有最大应力峰值生成,从表面到中心,应力逐渐减小,在中心处,应力值为0。随加热时间的延长和表面温度的升高,钢锭表面与中心温差值的减小,轴向应力、切向应力和径向应力都变为0。模型为常温钢锭安全加热过程的炉温参数设置提供了理论依据。
According to the principle of heat transfer, starting from the temperature calculation model of steel ingot under the third type of boundary boundary conditions, the thermal stress variation model of ingot heating process is established based on the elastic modulus, Poisson’s ratio and linear expansion coefficient of steel ingot. : When the temperature difference between the ingot surface and the center reaches the maximum, the axial stress peak reaches the maximum positive value on the ingot surface and reaches the maximum negative value in the ingot center, and then decreases gradually. The tangential stress and radial stress have the maximum on the ingot surface The stress peak is generated, and from the surface to the center, the stress gradually decreases. At the center, the stress is zero. With the extension of the heating time and the increase of the surface temperature, the difference of the temperature difference between the ingot surface and the center decreases and the axial stress, tangential stress and radial stress become zero. The model provides a theoretical basis for the setting of the furnace temperature parameters during the safe heating process of ingot at room temperature.