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目的了解宁夏职业暴露人群H5N1禽流感病毒抗体水平和环境中禽流感病毒的分布情况,为禽流感的防控提供科学依据。方法采用血凝抑制试验检测职业暴露人群A(H5N1)血凝素抗体;采用Real-time RT-PCR方法对环境标本进行H5、H7、H9禽流感病毒核酸检测,从2013年4月份起,对采集的环境标本增加H7N9核酸检测。结果职业暴露人群812人份血清H5N1抗体均为阴性;环境标本760份禽流感病毒核酸检测A型阳性率为5.13%。A型禽流感病毒核酸阳性样本除原州区未检出外,其它地区均检出阳性标本。不同监测场所城乡活禽市场样本阳性率最高,不同环境样本宰杀或摆放禽肉案板表面擦拭标本阳性率最高。结论职业暴露人群血清标本中未检测出A(H5N1)禽流感病毒抗体阳性标本,宁夏监测点环境中存在H5、H9禽流感病毒,未检出H7N9禽流感病毒。城乡活禽市场是禽流感病毒重要的集散地。
Objective To understand the antibody level of avian influenza virus (H5N1) and the distribution of avian influenza virus (H1NIV) in occupationally exposed population in Ningxia and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of avian influenza. Methods The hemagglutinin antibody of A (H5N1) was detected by hemagglutination inhibition test. The nucleic acid of H5, H7 and H9 was detected by Real-time RT-PCR. From April 2013, Environmental samples collected increased H7N9 nucleic acid detection. Results Serum H5N1 antibody was negative in 812 individuals in occupational exposure group. The positive rate of type A virus in the samples of 760 avian influenza viruses in environmental samples was 5.13%. In addition to the positive samples of A-type influenza virus nucleic acid samples were not detected in the original state, the other positive samples were detected. The positive rates of live samples from urban and rural areas in different monitoring sites were the highest, and the highest positive rates were obtained from the swab samples on slaughtered or placed poultry cases in different environmental samples. Conclusions A (H5N1) antibody against avian influenza virus was not detected in the serum samples of occupationally exposed individuals. H5 and H9 avian influenza viruses were detected in the monitoring sites of Ningxia and no H7N9 bird flu virus was detected. Live poultry market in urban and rural areas is an important distribution center for the bird flu virus.