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缺血性肾脏病(IND),又名缺血性肾病或缺血性肾功能衰竭,是一种主要由肾动脉闭塞或狭窄引起的进行性肾小球肾病。 IND主要在老年人中发生,平均发病年龄为70岁。本病的直接病因大多数病人由动脉粥样硬化所致的肾动脉及其大分支闭塞或严重狭窄引起;少数病人由其他原因(如纤维肌肉发育异常、Takaysu’s大动脉炎等)引起的肾血管损害所致,后者主要在年轻人,甚至小儿中发病,其中女性多见。发生IND的危险因素主要有长期吸烟和酗酒、高血压病、糖尿病、痛风、慢性肾盂肾炎和梗阻性肾病等。
Ischemic kidney disease (IND), also known as ischemic kidney disease or ischemic renal failure, is a progressive glomerulonephritis mainly caused by occlusion or stenosis of the renal arteries. IND occurs mainly in the elderly, with an average age of onset of 70 years. The most common cause of this disease is caused by occlusion or severe stenosis of the renal arteries and their large branches caused by atherosclerosis; renal vascular damage caused by other causes (such as fibromuscular dysplasia, Takayu’s aortitis, etc.) As a result, the latter mainly in young people, and even pediatric disease, including women more common. IND risk factors are mainly long-term smoking and alcoholism, hypertension, diabetes, gout, chronic pyelonephritis and obstructive nephropathy.