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本实验选用小鼠骨髓细胞微核试验和小鼠精子畸形试验对大同煤(烟煤)和阳泉煤(无烟煤)的致突变性进行了研究。结果显示,两种煤质(4种煤尘)均致小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率和精子畸形率显著升高,并呈不同程度的剂量反应关系。表明所试煤尘不仅对体细胞有诱变作用,而且对生殖细胞也是潜在的诱变剂,其诱变作用可能与煤尘中各种成分的联合作用有关。在实际工作中,煤尘的遗传毒性不可忽视。
In this experiment, the mutagenicity of Datong coal (bituminous coal) and Yangquan coal (anthracite) was studied using micronucleus test of mouse bone marrow cells and mouse sperm abnormality test. The results showed that both coal quality (4 types of coal dust) caused a significant increase in the micronucleus rate and sperm deformity rate of bone marrow polychromatic erythrocytes in mice, and showed dose-response relationship in different degrees. It shows that the coal dust tested not only has mutagenic effects on somatic cells, but also is a potential mutagen for germ cells, and its mutagenic effect may be related to the joint action of various components in coal dust. In practice, the genetic toxicity of coal dust can not be ignored.