目的探讨不同部位Ⅲ期结直肠癌患者的临床病理及错配修复基因表达的的差异。方法应用En—Vision二步法检测340例结直肠癌中hMLH1、hMSH2和hMSH6的表达,并分析不同部位结直肠癌的临床病理及hMLH1、hMSH2、hMSH6的差异。结果 340例Ⅲ期结直肠癌中,右半结肠、左半结肠和直肠癌分别为60、68和212例,肿瘤侵润深度、肿瘤细胞分化程度在右半结肠、左半结肠和直肠癌中均有统计学差异(均P<0.05),而患者年龄、性别、淋巴结转移数在不同部位肿瘤中均无统计学差异(均P>0.05)。在右半结肠、左半结肠和直肠癌中hML.H1表达缺失率分别为13.4%、2.9%和5.7%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);hMSH2分别为6.7%、1.5%和4.7%,差异有统计学意义(p<0.05);hMSH6分别为3.3%、2.9%和1.9%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);MMR(hMLH1+hMSH2+hMSH6)分别为23.3%、7.4%和11.8%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论不同部位的Ⅲ期结直肠癌中,其临床病理及hML.H1、hMSH2、hMSH6差异明显。 Objective To investigate the clinicopathological features and mismatch repair gene expression in patients with stage Ⅲ colorectal cancer at different sites. Methods The expression of hMLH1, hMSH2 and hMSH6 in 340 cases of colorectal cancer was detected by En-Vision two-step method. The clinicopathological features, hMLH1, hMSH2 and hMSH6 in colorectal cancer were analyzed. Results In 340 cases of stage Ⅲ colorectal cancer, the right colon, left colon and rectum were 60, 68 and 212 respectively. The depth of tumor invasion and differentiation of tumor cells were in the right colon, left colon and rectum (All P <0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the age, sex and lymph node metastasis among different sites (all P> 0.05). The loss rate of hML.H1 in right colon, left colon and rectum was 13.4%, 2.9% and 5.7% respectively, with statistical significance (P <0.05); hMSH2 was 6.7%, 1.5% and 4.7% (HMRH1 + hMSH2 + hMSH6) were 23.3%, 7.4% and 1.9%, respectively (P <0.05); the difference was not significant % And 11.8%, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion The clinical pathology and hML.H1, hMSH2 and hMSH6 in different sites of stage Ⅲ colorectal cancer are obviously different.