稠油中含有的胶质沥青质是引起原油粘度高、密度大的主要原因,随着原油输送环境的不断变化,胶质沥青质在原油开采、储运和后处理过程中更易产生沉淀,给原油生产加工带来不利影响。本文从油藏、采油、储运等方面分析了沥青质沉积的影响因素及带来的危害,并提出了改善胶质沥青质对原油影响的方法和措施。 Gum asphaltene contained in heavy oil is the main reason causing high viscosity and high density of crude oil. With the constant change of crude oil transportation environment, gum asphaltene is more likely to precipitate in the process of crude oil recovery, storage and transportation and post-treatment Crude oil production and processing adversely affected. In this paper, the influencing factors and hazards of asphaltene deposition are analyzed from the aspects of reservoir, oil recovery, storage and transportation, and the methods and measures for improving the effect of gypsum asphaltene on crude oil are put forward.