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目的检验学龄前儿童气质性格量表(PsTCI)中文自评版的信度和效度。方法采用方便取样法在沈阳市区抽取7所幼儿园,同时采用抽签法在每个园区的各年级抽取1个班施测,共736人。对所有被试儿童的主要抚养者进行PsTCI中文版、儿童气质问卷(PTQ)的评定。间隔1个月,随机选取1个幼儿园进行重测。采用描述性统计、独立样本t检验、内部一致性检验、Pearson相关分析对PsTCI中文版进行信效度检验。结果 PsTCI中文版共82个条目,分为气质和性格2个维度,其中,探求新奇性、躲避伤害性、奖赏依赖性和坚持有恒性为气质维度,自我定向性、合作性和自我超越性分属于性格维度。各条目的CR值为3.21~26.83,各维度的Cronbachα系数为0.56~0.78,而重测信度为0.42~0.75(P<0.01)。量表的内部区分度分析显示,各维度间的相关在-0.45~0.56(P<0.01)。效标关联效度显示,PsTCI的探求新奇性与PTQ的活动水平、反应强度的相关为0.35、0.38(P<0.01);躲避伤害性与趋避性、适应度为-0.63、-0.38(P<0.01);奖赏依赖性与趋避性、适应度为0.30、0.39(P<0.01);坚持有恒性与坚持度为0.35(P<0.01)。结论 PsTCI中文版具有良好的信度和效度,可用于学龄前儿童气质性格的测评。
Objective To test the reliability and validity of PsTCI Chinese self-assessment version. Methods Seven kindergartens were sampled in downtown Shenyang using convenient sampling method. At the same time, a random sample of 736 people in each grade of each park was drawn by lottery. PsTCI Chinese Version and Children’s Temperament Questionnaire (PTQ) were assessed on the main supporters of all children tested. An interval of 1 month, randomly selected a kindergarten for retest. Descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, internal consistency test and Pearson correlation analysis were used to test the validity of Chinese version of PsTCI. Results The Chinese version of PsTCI was composed of 82 items, divided into two dimensions: Temperament and Personality. Among them, exploring novelty, avoiding harmfulness, reward dependence and perseverance as temperament dimensions, self-orientation, cooperation and self-transcendence Belongs to personality dimension. The CR of each item ranged from 3.21 to 26.83. The Cronbach’s coefficient of each dimension was 0.56-0.78, while the test-retest reliability was 0.42-0.75 (P <0.01). The internal discriminant analysis showed that the correlation between each dimension was between -0.45 and 0.56 (P <0.01). The correlation of validity of the criteria showed that the relationship between the novelty of PsTCI and PTQ activity level and reaction intensity was 0.35,0.38 (P <0.01), avoiding the harmfulness and avoidance, the fitness was -0.63, -0.38 (P < 0.01). Reward dependency and avoidance were both significant (0.30, 0.39, P <0.01). Persistence and persistence were 0.35 (P <0.01). Conclusion The Chinese version of PsTCI has good reliability and validity, which can be used to evaluate the temperament character of preschoolers.