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近代中国知识分子有理智上倾向西方而感情上留恋中国的倾向,所以卢梭对西方城市生活的批判对他们有着莫名的吸引力。知识分子的超脱与浪漫成为他们热捧卢梭的一种解不开的情结。其中,刘师培更是成为近代宣传卢梭的积极分子,他传播卢梭的思想始于《中国民约精义》。此文在当时传诵一时,通过研究发现,卢梭对人类自然状态的赞美特别符合中国文人对理想社会的追求。这种理想社会是以许行的“并耕”为特色的平均主义无政府社会,可见西方思想传播所受到的传统的制约。所以卢梭的学说成为刘师培式无政府主义的重要理论,在刘氏对未来社会的设想中起着关键的作用。
In modern China, intellectuals tend to be intellectually inclined toward the west and nostalgic to China. Therefore, Rousseau’s criticism of western urban life has inexplicable appeal to them. The transcendence and romance of intellectuals have become an indispensable connection to their reigning Rousseau. Among them, Liu Shipei even became an activist in promoting Rousseau in modern times. His idea of spreading Rousseau started from the “essence of the Chinese people’s agreement.” This article was chanted at that time, through the study found that Rousseau’s praise of the natural state of mankind is particularly in line with the Chinese literati pursuit of an ideal society. This ideal society is an egalitarian society characterized by Xu’s “farming” and shows the traditional constraints on the spread of Western ideas. Therefore, Rousseau’s theory became an important theory of Liu Shi-pei’s anarchism and played a key role in Liu’s vision of future society.