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口腔黏膜病是发生在口腔黏膜的诸多疾病的总称,除口腔黏膜固有疾病以外,还有相当一部分为全身疾病或综合征的口腔表征;口腔黏膜与皮肤在胚胎发生学上存在同源性,增加了口腔黏膜病的复杂性。口腔黏膜病具有以下特点:(1)病种繁多、类型各异,既有常见多发病,又有少见、罕见病;(2)同病异症、异病同症,症状多样、多变、多雷同;(3)病损更迭与重叠性;(4)部位的差异性;(5)病损的共存性;(6)病因不清、病程复杂、迁延、难于根治。口腔黏膜病学科的特殊性决定了其诊断与鉴别诊断的相对困难。本文通过浅析口腔黏膜疑难疾病的诊断思路,并结合一些案例分析,旨在给予读者以启示与帮助。
Oral mucosal disease is a general term for many diseases that occur in the oral mucosa. In addition to the inherent diseases of the oral mucosa, there are quite a few oral manifestations of systemic diseases or syndromes. Oral mucosa and skin have the same embryogenesis and increase The complexity of oral mucosal disease. Oral mucosal disease has the following characteristics: (1) a wide range of diseases, different types, both common and frequently-occurring disease, there are rare and rare diseases; (2) with the same disease, different diseases, symptoms, diverse, (3) lesions overlap and overlap; (4) site differences; (5) the coexistence of lesions; (6) the etiology is unclear, the course of the disease is complicated, protracted, difficult to cure. The specificity of oral mucosal disease determines the relative difficulty of diagnosis and differential diagnosis. This article analyzes the diagnosis of difficult oral mucosal diseases, combined with some case analysis, designed to give readers inspiration and help.