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1945年春夏之交,陕北大地,桃红柳绿,生机盎然。备受全党关注的中国共产党第七次全国代表大会于4月23日至6月11日在延安胜利举行。这里,是当时陕甘宁边区的首府、中共中央的所在地。七大召开之际,正值世界反法西斯战争和中国抗日战争即将取得胜利的前夕,这是决定中国命运的一个关键时刻。如何取得抗战的最后胜利,抗战胜利后中国向何处去?在这国际国内形势的重大转折时刻,中国共产党决定召开这次大会,作出自己的抉择。与此同时,国民党的第六次全国代表大会也于5月5日在重庆拉开帷幕。两个大会,有着完全不同的目的,代表着中国完全不同的命运。中国共产党为这次大会的召开已经进行了长时间的酝酿和筹备。1928年7月11日,在苏联莫斯科近郊的一座“银色别墅”里,中国共产党第六次全国代表大会闭幕。这次大会通过的《中国共产党党章》规定:“党的全国大会是党的最高机关,按通常规例,每年开会一次。”因党的二大正式决议中国共产党加入共产国际,成为其下属的一个支部,党章中同时规定:党的全国代表大会要“由中央委员会得共产国际之同意后召集之”。按照上述规定,中国共产党第七次全国代表大会应于1929年7月举行。但是,从六大到七大,为何相隔了17年之久?
Spring and summer of 1945, the earth, northern Shaanxi, pink and green, full of vitality. The Seventh National People’s Congress, which has aroused the attention of the whole party, was held in victory in Yanan from April 23 to June 11. Here, it was the capital of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region and the seat of the CPC Central Committee. On the eve of the upcoming announcement of the Seventh Conference, just as the world anti-fascist war and the upcoming victory of the Chinese anti-Japanese war will be a crucial moment for deciding China’s fate. How to get the final victory of the war of resistance? Where will China go after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War? At a moment of major turning point in the international and domestic situation, the CPC decided to convene this conference and make its own choice. At the same time, the Kuomintang’s sixth national congress also opened in Chongqing on May 5. The two conferences have completely different purposes and represent totally different fates for China. The Chinese Communist Party has conducted long deliberations and preparations for the convening of this conference. On July 11, 1928, in the “Silver Villa” in the suburbs of Moscow, the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China was closed. The “Constitution of the Communist Party of China” passed at this conference stipulates: “The National Convention of the Party is the supreme organ of the Party and meets once a year under the usual rules.” Because of the two major official resolutions of the party, the Communist Party of China has become a member of the Communist International A subordinate branch of the Party Constitution stipulates in the same time that the party’s national congress should “convene the Central Committee with the consent of the Comintern”. According to the above provisions, the Seventh National Congress of the Communist Party of China should be held in July 1929. However, from six to seven, why separated by 17 years?