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Background Hilar cholangiocarcinoma is a malignant tumor that is difficult to cure.The aim of this study was to observe the effects of flow-controlled partial portal vein arterializations (PPVA) on liver regeneration after hepatectomy in minipigs with chronic obstructive jaundice.Methods Eight minipigs were made into chronic obstructive jaundice models.United semi-hepatectomy,which imitates extended radical surgery for treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma,was then performed.The eight minipigs were randomly divided into groups A and B (n=4 minipigs each).PPVA was performed in Group A but not in Group B.The effects of flow-controlled PPVA on live regeneration after hepatectomy were observed for 30 days after hepatectomy.Results The portal vein PO2 at the immediate time point and on postoperative day 30 was higher in Group A ((47.33±2.43) and (48.50±4.44) mmHg) than in Group B ((35.38±4.06) and (35.55±2.55) mmHg respectively,all P ＜0.01 ).The mitotic index of liver cells on postoperative days 14 and 21 was higher in Group A (12.55％±2.85％ and 15.25％±1.99％ respectively) than in Group B (6.85％±2.10％ and 11.88％±1.15％ respectively,all P ＜0.05).The regeneration rate of residual liver on postoperative days 14 and 21 was higher in Group A (24.56％±6.15％ and 70.63％±9.83％ respectively) than in Group B (11.96％±5.43％ and 44.92％±7.42％ respectively,P ＜0.05 and P ＜0.01 respectively).Conclusion Flow-controlled PPVA can promote liver regeneration after hepatectomy and prevent liver failure in minipigs with chronic obstructive jaundice.