目的了解中学生自伤与自杀行为的发生情况,为实施相应干预措施提供依据。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法,于2008年、2010年、2012年4—5月对北京市通州区9所中学抽样班级学生进行匿名自填式问卷调查。结果 3次监测结果显示,中学生自伤行为报告率呈上升趋势,且男生高于女生,初中生高于高中生,单亲家庭、重组家庭和隔代家庭学生高于核心家庭和大家庭学生,学习成绩越差者自伤报告率越高;中学生自杀意念、自杀计划、自杀未遂报告率,单亲家庭、重组家庭和隔代家庭学生高于核心家庭和大家庭学生,学习成绩中等偏下及以下的学生高于学习成绩中等及以上学生。结论应及早针对重点青少年人群实施综合性干预措施,预防自伤与自杀行为的发生。 Objective To understand the incidence of self-injury and suicide of secondary school students, and to provide evidence for the implementation of appropriate interventions. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to conduct anonymous self-administered questionnaire survey among 9 secondary school sampling students in Tongzhou District in Beijing from April to May in 2008, 2010 and 2012. Results Three monitoring results showed that the reported rate of self-injury behavior among middle school students tended to increase, and the male students were higher than those of female students. The junior high students were higher than those of high school students, single parent families, reorganized families and inter-generational students were higher than those of core families and extended families. The higher the rate of self-injury, the higher the reported rate of self-injury; the suicidal ideation of secondary school students, suicide plan, attempted suicide rate, single-parent family, reorganized family and intergenerational students are higher than those of core family and extended family. Students are above average and above students with academic records. Conclusion Comprehensive interventions should be implemented for key adolescents as early as possible to prevent self-injury and suicide.